[18], Although the number of Confederate generals may not be swollen by the possible addition of well over 1,300 brevet generals whose actual rank was below brigadier general as the Union general list could be, as many as 159 "might have beens" and 226 militia officers have been identified or considered by some authors as Confederate generals of some sort. The identification as generals of some officers who served in the Civil War armies is disputed and controversial, as some generals or groups of generals have some background or service details in common. On both sides, the rank of general had to be approved by the president and Senate (of either the Union or Confederate States.) He was Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930's and played a significant role in the World War II Pacific Theatre. ... 150 english civil war civil war re-enactment civil war cannon the civil war the american civil war civil war battlefield civil war generals libyan civil war. Abraham Lincoln..President and Commander in Chief. the date on which the commission is effective) rather than the date of appointment or confirmation, which were generally months if not years later; this is particularly true in the case of brevets, most of which were granted after the war between 1866 and 1869. Nomination ordered returned to President Lincoln, February 12, 1863. The result is a system for ranking every prominent commander in military history. Lower ranking officers might temporarily command a unit designated for a higher ranked commanding officer when the unit's commander was killed, wounded or unavailable. As noted, while General Wright, Ezra J. Warner and other historians profess to use these criteria to identify Civil War generals, in fact they have inconsistently included about 25 names of officers for each army who do not actually meet the criteria and it is now difficult not to take note of at least these extra officers in lists of Civil War generals. Sherman at March across Georgia. The dialogue in this movie is extremely enjoyable. Some became good generals but many others were poor commanders. Volunteers. Dates: February 3, 1807-March 21, 1891; State: Virginia; Highest Rank Attained: General West Point: Graduates 1837 (29th in class of 50) Major General George G. Meade (“Old Snappin’ Turtle”) December 31, 1815 – November … Developer: AGEOD Tags: Turn-based, Operational, Strategy, Division/Corps/Army, American Civil War, WEGO Available from: Steam, Direct. Description: More than 400 Confederate and 580 Union soldiers advanced to the rank of general during the course of the Civil War. War of rights is an American Civil War game based on the Maryland Campaign of 1862. A recent compilation by John and David Eicher show most historians who have studied the number have concluded that between 554 and 564 substantive-grade Union generals and between 398 and 401 substantive-grade Confederate generals were properly appointed, confirmed, accepted appointment and served as general officers. Although most of the brevet awards were for faithful or meritorious or distinguished service, some were for more extraordinary acts of gallantry. Eicher and Eicher, 2001, p. xx. Dalbir Singh (India) 9. Hattaway, Herman and Jones, Archer. The Union Army was supported in the field by very few state militia generals who had not been taken into the United States Volunteers, the main body of the Union Army, along with their state regiments or were not promptly added to the federal service when it appeared they would exercise active field command. Colonel and chief engineer at start of the war. Boatner, III, Mark M., The Civil War Dictionary, p. 169. ProQuest Civil War Era is the resource American history scholars have been waiting for--comprehensive primary source materials that were previously unavailable digitally, cover a vast range of topics including the formative economic factors and other forces that led to the abolitionist movement, the 600,000 casualties, and the emancipation of nearly 4 million slaves. Martin Dempsey (United States America) 3. Herman Hattaway and Archer Jones give the number of officers in the pre-Civil War U.S. Army as 1,105. Confederate generals were often former officers of the U.S. Army, but some received the rank by merit. Recommended Reading: The Gallant Dead: Union and Confederate Generals Killed in the Civil War (Hardcover). Some actual brigadier generals received the brevet rank of major general. More significant disparities exist concerning the number of militia generals and "might have beens"[8] who various historians also think should, or perhaps should not, be counted or recognized in some manner as Civil War generals for various reasons, including especially exercise of general officer responsibilities for some period of time.. A general officer of the Union Army, whether of the United States Regular Army or United States Volunteers, and whether of full or brevet grade (or rank), could legally be promoted to a grade of general officer only by appointment by the President of the United States and confirmation by the United States Senate. In World War Two, the odds were substantially lower," says Stephen Biddle, a … Let’s have a look of some of the more prominent Civil War generals: Some Of the Main Confederate Generals The Union Army employed hundreds of generals during the Civil War. Nominated brigadier general, USV, November 29, 1862 but not confirmed by U.S. Senate. A few other officers in both armies who received only temporary general officer appointments or who had been killed in action or mortally wounded before they could be advised that their appointments as generals had been confirmed are also on these lists. This gallery provides an overview of several of the key Union generals who contributed to the Union's cause and helped guide its armies to victory. The lists of Union and Confederate general show the 583 Union Army generals and the 425 Confederate Army generals included in the Wright War Department memos and Mr. Warner's books at their highest grades achieved during the course of the war. Of these Confederate officers from the U.S. Army, 184 were United States Military Academy graduates. The United States Army, Air Force, and Marines have a fourth general officer grade, brigadier general (brigadier in the British Army). [10] And at the end of the war, several appointments to the rank were not brought before the Confederate States Senate for confirmation. Notes should identify most, if not all, of those who are in this category. 10. Nickolas Houghton (United Kingdom) 7. There were hundreds of generals commissioned in the American Civil War on both the Union and Confederate armies. Continued as colonel and Commissary General but died in mid-1861. Cockrell was promoted to brigadier general shortly after Vicksburg and participated in the campaign for Atlanta as part of Leonidas Polk’s and Alexander P. Stewart’s corps, as well as the futile effort to take Allatoona. 1. No doubt, I will likely have a great deal of criticism regarding my choices, as this is certainly a passionate and controversial subject for most individuals who love American Civil War history. Armchair historians often generalize that during the American Civil War, while the Union held a clear advantage in material, the Confederacy could field superior commanders. Description: More than 400 Confederate and 580 Union soldiers advanced to the rank of general during the course of the Civil War. That may have been true in the east (the worst of the Union generals in that theater rates his own entry on this list), but in the west it was a much different affair. [53] The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina provided at least 6 general officers to the Confederate Army as well as 49 field grade officers, and 120 company grade officers. Civil War II. Officers holding rank on the date of enactment of the first Confederate law on the subject of appointment of general officers, May 21, 1861, were permitted to keep those ranks. I am going to attempt to give them a grade. United States War Department, The Military Secretary's Office, [Wright, Marcus J.]. Not all these men were successful at that rank. Some, like Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, Ulysses S. Grant and William Tecumseh Sherman are household names. Stanford University Press, 2001; Warner. youngest general, last surviving general, etc. Civil War Generals 2: Grant, Lee, Sherman Released in 1997, this turn-based strategy video game, which is a sequel to Robert E Lee: Civil War General, allows you to recreate historic battles and/or play a full campaign where casualties and experience carry over to the next battle. With few active officers to fill many commands, the two Civil War armies had to look to other persons for military leadership. Original appointment as brigadier general, USV (September 29, 1862) expired March 4, 1863, Arrested February 6, 1864 for insubordination; Court-martialed and dismissed from service August 30, 1864, Brigadier general, USV. The lists thus include the 554 to 564 Union generals and 398 to 401 Confederate generals identified as actual, substantive generals by most historians, including the Eichers, and at least some of the others who might appear on other lists or in Civil War writings as generals. Sherman at Atlanta Campaign 3. In determining the worse Generals of the American Civil War, this list will take us from battlefield blunders to portraits on urinals. Articles on the others (shown in red links because there are no existing articles about those officers) are planned. When privates ranked the generals. During the American Civil War, there were nearly 900 officers in non-militia service who were appointed to become generals. Many estimates of the number of substantive generals of actual grade, or "rank," are within about 10 names of each other. Since the Provisional Army, Confederate States (PACS) was the only Confederate Army that was organized by the Confederacy, the Confederate Army and the PACS were identical. Union Generals of the Civil War . Nominated brigadier general, USV, June 29, 1863, but not confirmed by U.S. Senate; Assigned to command Brigade 1, Division 3, Cavalry Corps, Army of the Potomac, June 28, 1863, KIA. Of the 1,902 men who had ever attended Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia, 1,781 fought for the Confederacy. Very generally speaking, most American Civil War professors, informal historians, and novices can easily tick off a list of well-known and talented Confederate generals. Some officers who were promoted to full actual grade general received brevet promotions first. Stuart. General, lieutenant general, and major general are the first, second, and third grades of general officers in many armies. The Top Ten. One-third of the field officers of Virginia regiments in 1861 were V.M.I. The Union forces are often referred to as "Federal" forces. "In the US Civil War, it was quite common for generals to be killed. Unlike Hannibal, I sought to use data to determine a general’s abilities, rather than specific accounts of generals’ achievements. Many positions were also filled by foreign emigres, some of whom had military training, and politicians and other civilians with no military training. Similar to the procedures of the US, in the Confederate States of America ("CSA") an officer could legally be made a Confederate general only by appointment by the President of the Confederate States and confirmation by the Confederate States Senate. List of American Civil War generals (Confederate), List of American Civil War generals (Acting Confederate), List of American Civil War brevet generals (Union), Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, De Trobriand, Philippe Régis Dénis de Keredern, Chairman of the Republican National Committee, Quartermaster General of the United States Army, Von Steinwehr, Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich, Baron, General officers in the Confederate States Army, https://archive.org/details/memorandumrelati05unit, https://archive.org/details/memorandumrelati01unit, The Brevet Generals of the American Civil War, https://web.archive.org/web/20080306062513/http://sunsite.utk.edu/civil-war/wpungen.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_American_Civil_War_generals_(Union)&oldid=1000757373, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Appointed brigadier general, USV (September 3, 1861) by, Original appointment as brigadier general, USV (October 4, 1862) expired March 4, 1863, Declined appointment as brigadier general, USV (August 7, 1861), Original appointment as brigadier general, USV (November 29, 1862) expired March 4, 1863, Original appointment as brigadier general, USV (September 7, 1862) expired March 4, 1863; second appointment (March 30, 1863) expired March 30, 1864; finally confirmed June 30, 1864, Appointment as brigadier general, USV withdrawn February 12, 1863, Rejected appointment and resigned, March 11, 1863, Arrested on unspecified charges, January, 1863, Died in riding accident December 22, 1863, Original appointment as major general, USV (October 6, 1862) expired March 4, 1863, Last surviving brevet general (d. May 14, 1938), USMA (class of 1853), discharged January 31, 1853. Grant at Chattanooga 4. - being able to promote who ever you like (kinda sick of seeing so many major generals late game) - gettysburg star commander style (more stars better moral or efficeincy) - promoting someone should cost gov points? “Stonewall” Jackson – in the Shenandoah Valley, no less. The following lists show the names, substantive ranks, and brevet ranks (if applicable) of all … I would love to ear peoples ideas about a new promoting system Union generals were either brigadier generals or major generals until Grant was award the rank of lieutenant general in March of 1864. Notes that identify officers who did not strictly meet the criteria for appointment and confirmation as generals or inclusion in the lists, even though they have been widely identified as generals, are noted in the lists. Many officers were promoted to higher ranks during the war, which included promotions to the rank of general. Of the approximately 900 West Point graduates in civilian life at the beginning of the war, 114 returned to the Union Army and 99 joined the Confederate Army. With quotes such as "you have a face that only a mother could love," it's very easy to fall in love with these characters. Eicher and Eicher say that Wright actually showed five fewer brevet generals, but they list 1,400. Robert E. Lee Robert Edward Lee was an American and Confederate soldier, best known as a commander of the Confederate States Army. A Regular Army promotion, or brevet, ranked ahead of a Volunteer Army promotion or brevet appointment to the same grade. The problems with the appointment or confirmation of these officers are even noted on General Wright's lists, but he still included them as general officers. The school contributed 523 officers to the Union Army and 34 to the Confederate Army. Although they are unsigned, they are often referred to as his work because it was known he had been engaged in the task and he included the lists in books he wrote at about the same time. Appointed. They were only valid for as long as the war lasted. Commanded. [11] Thus, although 22 Union officers and 5 Confederate officers had their appointments canceled and 1 Union officer and 3 Confederate officers declined appointment to the grade of brigadier general, General Wright included them and Mr. Warner decided to accept them as full grade generals. The list of American Civil War (Civil War) generals has been divided into five articles: an introduction on this page, a list of Union Army generals, a list of Union brevet generals, a list of Confederate Army generals and a list of prominent acting Confederate States Army generals, which includes officers appointed to duty by E. Kirby Smith, officers whose appointments were never confirmed or completed and State militia generals who were in combat or otherwise on active duty. Please note I am not attempting to grade them as Brigadier, Lieutenant or Major General just their performance as Full General. A complicating factor for the Confederate Armies, was their reliance on, and organization around, standing State Militias. During the civil War the Confederate Army had a large number of Full Generals, 8 in all. The Union generals' list currently contains or is in the process of adding the actual grade and brevet grade of prominent Union officers who were awarded brevet general grade but not appointed as full substantive grade generals. The American Civil War continues to provide a wealth of material for the study of generalship of the highest order. Lt. Seniority was determined by the date of rank stated in the Senate's confirmation resolution, which could have been a date earlier than the confirmation date. ); for all other information on their lives and accomplishments, please refer to their individual entries. The Eichers identify 177 such Union militia general officers but most historians recognize between 1 and 12 militia generals as worthy of recognition as Union generals. Otherwise, rank would be determined by the order of names on the lists of multiple officers confirmed in the same resolution on the same date to rank from the same date.[22]. Resigned his commission in October 20,1863, Commissary General of the Army (1861–1864), USMA (class of 1853); left due to amputation of leg, 1851, USMA, 1805 (tenth graduate of West Point), Full promotion to Major general, USV (May 5, 1864) posthumously revoked & substituted with brevet, Relieved of duty at his own request, December 4, 1864, USMA (class of 1843), withdrew July, 1840. Civil War generals numbered in the hundreds during the war. The Confederate Army had four grades (or levels or "ranks") of general officers, much like the modern U.S. Army: general, lieutenant general, major general and brigadier general. The lists in these articles contain the names and highest grades (or ranks) of the substantive or full or actual general officers of both armies and a few other notable high military commanders. No doubt, I will likely have a great deal of criticism regarding my choices, as this is certainly a passionate and controversial subject for most individuals who love American Civil War history. Died from disease on June 20, 1864 after resigning his commission 5 days earlier. Civil War History Discussion . General. The rank of "General of the Army" has had two incarnations. Still, the conqueror of the known world is ranked much higher than other leaders with similar numbers, including the Japanese Shogun Tokugawa, German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel, and Confederate General J.E.B. Since the Fort Sumter affair was the first military action of consequence between the opposing forces, however, the dates of the attack on and surrender of the fort are commonly considered the start dates of the Civil War. [25] The following tables show the general officers and top staff officers of the U.S. Army in early 1861 and their ages, lengths of service in grade, whether they adhered to the Union or Confederacy and in many cases who their successors were. The Union had literally every advantage imaginable: more men, … Due to the pre-Civil War U.S. Army system of promoting officers based strictly upon seniority, the general officers, chief staff officers and full colonels of the small pre-Civil War army were not only few in number but were almost all of advanced age (over half were in their seventies). Relieved of duty July 12, 1862 due to ill health. 6 Douglas MacArthur Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 – April 5, 1964) was an American Field Marshall and Five-Star General. 1. Union Generals . All civil war paintings ship within 48 hours and include a 30-day money-back guarantee. Rodenbough, Theophilus F. and Haskin, William L., ed.. United States War Department, The Military Secretary's Office, This page was last edited on 16 January 2021, at 15:42. Some names of others whose claims or identifications to general officer grade have often been accepted by historians and compilers of generals' lists are also included in the lists. Eicher and Eicher, 2001, lists, pp. [19] Ten officers who were assigned to duty by General Edmund Kirby Smith in the Trans-Mississippi Department after communications were cut off or severely slowed down by Union forces securing control of the Mississippi River are among the "might have beens." Eicher, John H., and Eicher, David J., 2001, p.776. By the end of the War, the Confederacy had at least 383 men in the PACS and three men in the ACSA who were ranked this high Union and Confederate army brigadier generals were similar in assignment Confederate brigadier generals mainly commanded brigades while Union brigadier generals at times would lead divisions as well When he asked to be relieved on January 23, 1865 he reverted to lieutenant general. Civil War generals numbered in the hundreds during the war. Retired September 25, 1861. These promotions were called brevet promotions. (More than 1 in 10 would die.) Scott was a veteran of the War of 1812, the Mexican-American War and several Indian Wars, and was already an elderly man when the Civil War started. Some of those state appointments predated the start of the Civil War and some occurred after. The inclusion of entire other categories of "generals," such as those who acted as generals but did not receive appointments, state militia generals, Union brevet generals and even some others, can add more names to the lists.[5]. The authenticity of the period is the focus of the game's storyline and visuals. Continued as colonel and senior Inspector General after Mexican–American War. Joined Oct 10, 2012 Location Mt. Most of the generals' names in both lists are linked to Wikipedia articles on them. Appointed Brigadier General, US Volunteers by President Abraham Lincoln on September 28, 1861 and was in charge of Benton Barracks and the districts of Cairo and St Louis. Summary List of Famous Union Civil War Generals during the American Civil War. There were many important Union generals during the American Civil War.Some, like Ulysses S. Grant, William Tecumseh Sherman, George Mclellan and Joshua Chamberlain are household names. They were only valid for as long as the war lasted. These officers (in order they were appointed) were. As a result, while the Union and Confederate rules for the rank of general were similar, the CSA experienced a greater diversity at this rank in practice. Rodenbough, Theophilus F. and Haskin, William L., ed., 1896, 1966, p. 34. Eicher and Eicher, David J., 2001, p.xvii. Even if significant numbers of brevet grade appointments had been awarded earlier in the war, except in a few special instances (sitting on court martial panels, special assignments, command of different units operating together with commanding officers of equal rank), they had not extra responsibilities, privileges or pay and would have meant little more than the award of a medal. In determining the worse Generals of the American Civil War, this list will take us from battlefield blunders to portraits on urinals. ... the youngest man to achieve that rank. Died April 22, 1864. This first-person shooter role-playing game allows the player to get online and play with a massive group of 150 people. A few additional Confederate militia or acting generals or 'might have beens" are also currently added to the Confederate general list in a separate section at the end of that list. [6] These lists and the accompanying information were almost certainly compiled by former Confederate General Marcus J. Wright, who had been engaged to collect Confederate records in particular. Robert E. Lee A Edmond Kirby Smith B (More than 1 in 10 would die.) In doing so, they have often identified officers who were not full generals but who are notable and may deserve recognition for their actions in high commands. These should be among the most prominent officers in this category and not near the number of "might have beens" identified by the Eichers. A few notable militia generals and some of the notable brevet general officers have been added, at least in the current absence of a separate list of Union brevet general officers. (More than 1 in 10 would die.) As they try to outdo each other, the violence of the American Civil War proves to be a major obstacle. 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